Scale and polish: removing hardened build-up

Hardened deposits build up most readily on the inner surfaces of the lower front teeth, out of sight and out of reach of a toothbrush. Once tartar has hardened onto the tooth it cannot be brushed away — it has to be removed with instruments.

This is the surface brushing cannot reach, photographed in a mirror before and after cleaning.

Gums that have been sitting under build-up are usually inflamed underneath, and often look red or bleed a little immediately afterwards. That settles within a few days as the tissue recovers, and it is a sign the irritation has been removed rather than a complication.

Shared with the patient's consent.